alkali metal
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Definition
- Noun:
- Any of the monovalent metals of group I of the periodic table: This term refers to any of the highly reactive, soft, metallic elements found in Group 1 of the periodic table. These elements are characterized by having a single electron in their outermost shell, which they readily lose to form +1 cations.
- A metal whose hydroxide is strongly alkaline: A defining chemical property of these metals is that their hydroxides are soluble bases, resulting in strongly alkaline (basic) solutions when dissolved in water.
Examples of Usage
- Noun:
- Sodium is a common alkali metal.
- The alkali metals react vigorously with water.
- Francium is the rarest naturally occurring alkali metal.
Advanced Usage
- "The alkali metal series": Refers to the complete group or family of these elements.
- The reactivity increases down the alkali metal series.
- "Alkali metal ion": Refers to the positively charged cation (e.g., Na⁺, K⁺) formed when an alkali metal atom loses its valence electron.
- Potassium ions are essential electrolytes in the human body.
Variants and Related Words
- Alkaline (adj): Having the properties of an alkali; basic. (e.g., ).
- Alkalinity (n): The state or quality of being alkaline. (e.g., ).
Synonyms
- Group 1 metal: A synonym based on its position in the standard periodic table.
- Lithium group metal: A less common synonym referencing the first member of the series.
Related Phrases
- Alkali metal halide: A compound formed between an alkali metal and a halogen (e.g., sodium chloride, NaCl).
- Sodium chloride is a typical alkali metal halide.
- Alkali metal amalgam: An alloy of an alkali metal with mercury.
- Sodium amalgam is used in some chemical reactions.
Noun
- any of the monovalent metals of group I of the periodic table (lithium or sodium or potassium or rubidium or cesium or francium)
- the hydroxides of the alkali metals are strongly alkaline